Ancient Greek Inscriptions

from Bulgaria

Klada Bg

Inscription from a temple of Sabazius, erected by Dizas son of Lucius

Monument IGBulg_1927
Editor(s)
Georgi Mihailov, Nicolay Sharankov.
Type of monument
altar
Material
limestone
Find place
Sofia, re-used in a Late Roman wall, about 3 meters below the modern surface; found in September 1889 in the trenches for the foundations of the house of Kosta Makedonetsa on Lomska Street (now 4, G. Washington Str.)
Origin
Serdica
Observed in
Institution and inventory
Dimensions
height 60 cm, width 60 cm, depth 57 cm
Letter size
height 3 - 4 cm
Layout description
Altar (or altar-shaped statue base), broken above and below. It was originally moulded above and below, but the moulding was hammered out when the stone was re-used. Inscription on the front.
Decoration description
Text
Category of inscription
private dedication - prose
Date
after AD 212, probably not later than AD 260
Dating criteria
lettering, onomastics
Images
Text

[Ἀγαθῆι τύχηι?].
Κυρίῳ (vac.1) Σαβαζί
Αθυπαρηνῳ
Αὐρ(ήλιος) Διζας Λουκίου
5ἱερεὺς ἀνέστησεν
ἐκξ (!) εὐχῆς τὸν ναόν.

AΓΑΘHΙΤYΧΗΙ
ΚΥΡIΩ vacat ΣΑΒΑΖ.Ω
ΑΘΥΠΑΡΗNΩ
ΑYΡΔΙΖΑΣΛΟΥΚIΟΥ
5IΕΡΕYΣANEΣΤΗΣΕN
EΚΞ(!)ΕYΧHΣΤONNΑON
[To Good Fortune! (?)] To the Lord Sabazius of Athypara - the priest Aurelius Dizas son of Lucius erected this temple according to his vow.
⤦ n: 1

tag: lb
Ἀγαθῆι τύχηι

tag: supplied
Ἀγαθῆι

lemma: ἀγαθός
tag: w
τύχηι

lemma: τύχη
tag: w
.

tag: #text
⤦ n: 2

tag: lb
Κυρίῳ

lemma: κύριος
tag: w

unit: character
quantity: 1
tag: space
Σαβαζίῳ

type: divine
ref: Sabazius
tag: persName
Σαβαζ

tag: #text
ί

tag: unclear

tag: #text
⤦ n: 3

tag: lb
Αθυπαρηνῳ

type: divine
ref: Athyparenus
tag: persName
⤦ n: 4

tag: lb
Αὐρήλιος Διζας Λουκίου

nymRef: Αὐρήλιος Διζας Λουκίου
ref: AT217
type: attested
tag: persName
Αὐρήλιος

ref: Aurelius
nymRef: Αὐρήλιος
type: gentilicium
tag: name
Διζας

ref: Diza
nymRef: Διζας
type: cognomen
tag: name
Λουκίου

ref: Lucius
nymRef: Λούκιος
tag: name
⤦ n: 5

tag: lb
ἱερεὺς

lemma: ἱερεύς
tag: w
ἀνέστησεν

lemma: ἀνίστημι
tag: w
⤦ n: 6

tag: lb
ἐκξ

lemma: ἐκ
tag: w
(!)

tag: note
εὐχῆς

lemma: εὐχή
tag: w
τὸν

tag: #text
ναόν

lemma: ναός
tag: w
.

tag: #text
Apparatus
Letters in ligature:
4 ου (-κίου).
Apparatus:
The text of the inscription is given according to the edition of Mihailov after a comparison through personal observation by N. Sharankov.
4 The letter K is with broken lower diagonal; the letters ΟΥ at the end of the line, due to the lack of space, form a ligature which is of much smaller dimensions (2.5 cm h.) than the other letters.
6 The letters in the last line are smaller.
Commentary

This is the only dedication to Sabazius from Serdica, but the cult of this god, often connected with Zeus and named with the double name Zeus Sabazius, is well attested in the administrative territory of the city; cf. the dedications IGBulg 2023 (for a temple of Sabazius, from Maslovo - Kostinbrod); IGBulg 2015 (dedication by a priest to Zeus Sabazius, from the village of Mramor); IGBulg 1985 (from the village of Buhovo); IGBulg 2034 (from the vicinity of Dragoman). The god bears the epithet Αθυπαρηνος, derived from the name of a village *Αθυ-παρα (lit. "Athys's village"; unlocated), which indicates the origin of the cult.

According to the text, the altar (or an altar-shaped pedestal for a cult statue) originally belonged to a newbuilt temple of the god. The location of this temple remains unknown, since the altar was re-used in a later wall and could have been brought from afar. Another altar, found in re-use in the same late structure, was dedicated to Apollo with the epithet Raniscelenus, IGBulg 1928.

The name of the priest Aurelius Diza suggests that he might have received his Roman citizenship and the nomen Aurelius with the Constitutio Antoniniana of AD 212. The cognomen Diza points to a Thracian origin. The name of his father Lucius is a Roman praenomen used as a single name.

The phrase ἐκξ εὐχῆς, incorrectly written with a double [k] in the preposition (instead of ἐξ), is very rare in Greek (the common expression uses another preposition, κατ' εὐχήν) and was probably influenced by the Latin formula "ex voto".

Bibliography
Mihailov, Georgius. Inscriptiones Graecae in Bulgaria repertae. Vol. IV, 1966.

текуща версия 1 / 2024-07-15