Ancient Greek Inscriptions

from Bulgaria

Klada Bg

Sarcophagus for Herennius Heraclianus, a gerousiast, and his wife Cleopatra

Monument III.992 = V.5441
Editor(s)
Georgi Mihailov.
Type of monument
sarcophagus with lid
Material
syenite
Find place
Plovdiv, re-used in a fountain during the Ottoman period
Origin
Philippopolis
Observed in
Last seen in 1930 in Kurşum Ηan in Plovdiv.
Institution and inventory
-
No
Dimensions
height 100 cm, width 240 cm, depth 100 cm
Letter size
height 5 cm
Layout description
The inscription is on the upper part of the front side of the sarcophagus.
Decoration description
Text
Category of inscription
funerary inscription - prose
Date
II-III c. AD
Dating criteria
lettering
Images
Text

[.] Ἑρέννιος Ἡρακλιανὸς γερουσιαστὴς Φιλιπποπολείτης
ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων ἑαυτῷ καὶ τῇ συμβίῳ ἑαυτοῦ Κλεοπάτρᾳ Ἀθηνο-
δώρου κατεσκεύασε τὴν σορὸν σὺν τῷ γράδῳ. ἀνεξοδίαστον
ὃς ἂν δὲ πωλήσι, δώσι τῷ φίσκῳ δηνάρια ͵ε´. ((leaf))

.EΡENNΙΟΣHΡΑΚΛΙΑNOΣΓΕΡΟΥΣΙΑΣΤHΣΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΠΟΛΕIΤΗΣ
EΚΤΩNIΔIΩNEΑΥΤΩΚΑIΤHΣΥMΒIΩEΑΥΤΟYΚΛΕΟΠAΤΡAAΘΗNΟ
ΔΩΡΟΥΚΑΤΕΣΚΕYΑΣΕΤHNΣΟΡONΣYNΤΩΓΡAΔΩANΕΞΟΔIΑΣΤΟN
OΣANΔEΠΩΛHΣΙΔΩΣΙΤΩΦIΣΚΩΔΗNAΡΙΑ͵Ε leaf
[---?] Herennius Heraclianus, gerousiast of Philippopolis, prepared, at his own expense, this sarcophagus together with its stepped pedestal for himself and for his wife Cleopatra, daughter of Athenodorus. Inalienable. If anyone tries to sell it, he shall pay 5000 denarii to the provincial treasury.
⤦ n: 1

tag: lb
< GAP >

quantity: 1
unit: character
Ἑρέννιος Ἡρακλιανὸς

type: attested
ref: AT007
nymRef: Ἑρέννιος Ἡρακλιανός
tag: persName
Ἑρέννιος

ref: Herennius
nymRef: Ἑρέννιος
type: gentilicium
tag: name
Ἡρακλιανὸς

ref: Heraclianus
nymRef: Ἡρακλιανός
type: cognomen
tag: name
γερουσιαστὴς

lemma: γερουσιαστής
tag: w
Φιλιπποπολείτης

type: ethnic
ref: Phil
tag: placeName
⤦ n: 2

tag: lb
ἐκ

lemma: ἐκ
tag: w
τῶν

tag: w
ἰδίων

lemma: ἴδιος
tag: w
ἑαυτῷ

lemma: ἑαυτοῦ
tag: w
καὶ

tag: w
τῇ

tag: w
συμβίῳ

lemma: σύμβιος
tag: w
ἑαυτοῦ

lemma: ἑαυτοῦ
tag: w
Κλεοπάτρᾳ Ἀθηνο δώρου

nymRef: Κλεοπάτρα Ἀθηνοδώρου
tag: persName
Κλεοπάτρᾳ

ref: Cleopatra
nymRef: Κλεοπάτρα
tag: name
Ἀθηνο δώρου

ref: Athenodorus
nymRef: Ἀθηνόδωρος
tag: name
Ἀθηνο

tag: #text
⤦ n: 3

break: no
tag: lb
δώρου

tag: #text
κατεσκεύασε

lemma: κατασκευάζω
tag: w
τὴν

tag: w
σορὸν

lemma: σορός
tag: w
σὺν

lemma: σύν
tag: w
τῷ

tag: w
γράδῳ

lemma: γράδος
tag: w
.

tag: #text
ἀνεξοδίαστον

lemma: ἀνεξοδίαστος
tag: w
⤦ n: 4

tag: lb
ὃς

lemma: ὅς
tag: w
ἂν

lemma: ἄν
tag: w
δὲ

lemma: δέ
tag: w
πωλήσι

lemma: πωλέω
tag: w
,

tag: #text
δώσι

lemma: δίδωμι
tag: w
τῷ

tag: w
φίσκῳ

lemma: φίσκος
tag: w
δηνάρια

lemma: δηνάριον
tag: w
͵ε

value: 5000
tag: num
.

tag: #text

type: leaf
tag: g
Apparatus
Letters in ligature:
1 τησ (-πολείτης);
2 ωτ, τησ, νβ, ωε;
3 νσ (-ρὸν σύν);
4 πω, ωσ.
Apparatus:
The text of the inscription is given according to the edition of Mihailov with the amount of money and decoration added on the last line according to the reading of Sharankov.
1 At the beginning of the inscription, there might have been one missing letter, denoting an abbreviated praenomen.
4 Before the letter E = 5000, there is a small sign referring to thousands.
Commentary

Herennius Heraclianus is a member of the Gerousia, a public organisation in Philippopolis established in the II c. AD for the worship of the imperial cult. Its members were rich inhabitants of the city, its president was named gerousiarch (γερουσίαρχος); it also had a treasurer (ταμίας) and a legal representative (ἔκδικος).

Herennius Heraclianus has the names of a Roman citizen, while the names of his wife follow the Greek onomastic pattern.

Ἀνεξοδίαστον is a formula typical for the inscriptions in Bithynia and was probably brought to Philippopolis from there. The fines for violating sarcophagi were paid either to the city or to the provincial imperial treasury. The standard amount of fine was the 5000 denarii.

Bibliography
Mihailov, Georgius. Inscriptiones Graecae in Bulgaria repertae. Vol. III.1, 1961.

текуща версия 1 / 2024-08-10